Showing posts with label american history. Show all posts
Showing posts with label american history. Show all posts

About to Die: How News Images Move the Public Review

About to Die: How News Images Move the Public
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About to Die: How News Images Move the Public Reviewthis book is a brilliant study of photography. the author is very well read and puts together a lot of the major thinking about the contemporary culture of news photography. I teach photography and this book was very helpful to me in my work in giving me a deeper understanding of the roles of journalism in shaping our world. I am gateful to the author.About to Die: How News Images Move the Public Overview

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Social Ethics in the Making: Interpreting an American Tradition Review

Social Ethics in the Making: Interpreting an American Tradition
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Social Ethics in the Making: Interpreting an American Tradition ReviewIt's difficult to be comprehensive on a topic as diverse and ill-defined as social ethics, but Dorrien's effort is at least profoundly inclusive. Reinhold Niebuhr is the crux of the book, receiving more attention than anyone else. Dorrien traces those who followed explicitly in Niebuhr's footsteps, but he also traces divergences, expansions and contentions of the tradition. The book is erudite and accessible. It tells an almost unified story of the tradition as a whole, while also providing a valuable introduction to many individual figures from the tradition. Perhaps most importantly, it makes the reader want to go back to the original sources Dorrien's discussing.Social Ethics in the Making: Interpreting an American Tradition Overview

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Gifts from the Poor: What the World's Patients Taught One Doctor About Healing Review

Gifts from the Poor: What the World's Patients Taught One Doctor About Healing
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Gifts from the Poor: What the World's Patients Taught One Doctor About Healing ReviewI had the privilege of meeting Dr. Geelhoed and hearing him speak about four years ago. This made me thirsty for more of his amazing stories of service. This book has not slaked my thirst but made me thirstier! It is a chronicle of a man's efforts to be what he was meant to be and by learning that, he is able to help others do the same by calling upon all to do something, anything, to help others. The stories shared are sometimes humorous, often exciting, and always inspirational. I strongly recommend this to anyone who cares about our world's poorest people. And I hope he writes another book.Gifts from the Poor: What the World's Patients Taught One Doctor About Healing Overview

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America: Who Really Pays the Taxes? Review

America: Who Really Pays the Taxes
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America: Who Really Pays the Taxes ReviewThis is a compelling book that minces few words. The authors supply diverse statistics showing that the wealthy really do escape a fair share of taxes and Congress happily colludes in the scheme. The swindle's scope is seen as a back-handed tribute to the skill of those hired professionals - politicians and talking heads - who redirect taxpayer anger onto nickel and dime welfare cheats instead of the real recipients of government largesse. As the book shows, the tax-paying desires of the wealthy do get served.
The big picture lies in the sharp turnaround since 1950 in who pays the taxes. In that year the tax system was gearedf toward broadening membership in the middle-class, America's cushioning class. Since then, the shift towards taxing this sector out of existence has been little less than startling. Among the categories reflecting this turnaround: tax-exemption rates, Social Security levies, total tax-dollar comparisons, and state and local shifts in levies. A thumbnail sketch of taxation's history in the US helps the reader understand the class battle going on beneath the numbers.
The final chapter closes with recommendations for reforms. Most are quite sensible given the gross inequities that currently exist. For example: terminate capital gains preferences and tax this category as income, stop discriminating certain preferential categories of income from others, terminate tax-exempt securities, et. al. That corporate income tax should be increased is usually rebutted by claims that the increase will be passed along to the consumer. If so, then why - the authors point out - do corporations so stoutly resist this legislation, preferring instead an excise tax that would most surely be passed along. Good point.
The English statesman Disraeli once remarked, "Gentleman, there are three kinds of lies - lies, damned lies, and statistics." Perhaps so. Yet anyone challenging B&S's figures or our ruinous departure from progressive taxation will have to pass through this book first.America: Who Really Pays the Taxes Overview

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The Two Faces of American Freedom Review

The Two Faces of American Freedom
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The Two Faces of American Freedom ReviewAn extraordinary book. Well-written and fascinating, this book is smart, informative, and educational, while being both clear and focused. A great book to read especially given current debate over citizenship. I throughly enjoyed it and recommend it wholeheartedly.The Two Faces of American Freedom Overview

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Vietnam: The Necessary War: A Reinterpretation of America's Most Disastrous Military Conflict Review

Vietnam: The Necessary War: A Reinterpretation of America's Most Disastrous Military Conflict
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Vietnam: The Necessary War: A Reinterpretation of America's Most Disastrous Military Conflict ReviewMichael Lind has for a long time been one of my favorite writers (for two of his best see The Next American Nation and Up from Conservatism). The Necessary War is thought-provoking and very entertaining. Lind corrects some commonly held myths and blasts pro-Ho Chi Minh apologists like David Halberstam.I highly recommend this book.
Having said that, I don't agree with Lind's conclusion. His basic premise is that the war was unwinnable, but that it had to be fought for American credibility. I don't think you should fight wars and expend blood for something as abstract as credibility. Nor do I believe wars should be fought unless they can be won. Lind says 20,000 casualties would have been acceptable to keep American prestige high in our allies' eyes. I would not have spent one American life in Vietnam.Vietnam: The Necessary War: A Reinterpretation of America's Most Disastrous Military Conflict Overview

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Liberty Versus the Tyranny of Socialism: Controversial Essays Review

Liberty Versus the Tyranny of Socialism: Controversial Essays
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Liberty Versus the Tyranny of Socialism: Controversial Essays ReviewDr Williams presents his arguments forcefully and in laymen's language so the messages sink in. He makes it plain that there is no such thing as an ideal government-sponsored solution and that the most effective and efficient method of ordering society is to let people make up their own minds on how best to allocate finite resources. This is a great read for young adults trying to understand how the world works.Liberty Versus the Tyranny of Socialism: Controversial Essays Overview

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Generations: The History of America's Future, 1584 to 2069 Review

Generations: The History of America's Future, 1584 to 2069
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Generations: The History of America's Future, 1584 to 2069 ReviewA friend of mine lent me this book in 2002. Skeptical about any book purporting to predict the future, I immediately read their predictions section - after all, the book was published ten years before. To my surprise, I found that their predictions for 1992-2002 were largely correct! So I started again, at the beginning. The book is a work of genius.
The central tenet of this book is that generations don't age the same way, and when looking at generations through history, the correct way to look at them is by cohort - that is, by groups with similar birth years - rather than by age. In other words, if you're born in 1950 and grow up in the '60s and '70s, you'll be different at age 50 than you will if you're born in 1970 and grow up in the '80s and '90s. Strauss and Howe then trace a number of generational cohorts through American History, and find evidence of a cycle of generational types - usually a four part cycle, but in one case a three part cycle. For example, they liken Gen X (whom they call "13ers"), born in 1961-1980, to the "Lost" generation born in the late 1800s.
As a trailing edge boomer, born in 1960, I was not surprised to find that the authors, both boomers, correctly identify the defining characteristics of my generation - characteristics that I happen to dislike, as I'm in the minority that don't fit the mold all that well, but that I have to acknowledge as accurate for the majority. On the other hand, the description of the Silent generation, to which my parents belong, was an eye opener - it explained well why my fathers views of what different stages in a man's life are like seemed to alien to me. The description of Gen X was likewise enlightening, both in terms of explaining some of my previous business interactions with Gen Xers (they had always seem so surprised when someone actually gave them a break - turns out it's because they hardly ever got breaks from boomers) and helped me understand and interact much better with one particular Gen X who is very important to me - my wife. The description of the Millenials seems to be accurate so far for undergraduates I work with.
Two caveats when reading this book - first, remember it's American history, and the conclusions don't apply to those born overseas; second, the authors seem to emphasize the optimistic view of the future, for example focusing on the possibility that the current cycle will be a triumphant four part cycle, rather than an agonizing three part cycle as the Civil War cycle was. We don't yet know which way things will go.Generations: The History of America's Future, 1584 to 2069 Overview

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Tower of Babble: How the United Nations Has Fueled Global Chaos Review

Tower of Babble: How the United Nations Has Fueled Global Chaos
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Tower of Babble: How the United Nations Has Fueled Global Chaos Review"The UN is protected by a very high wall of political correctness," writes Dore Gold, "that makes criticism of it tantamount to an attack on all of mankind. But it is high time to recognize that it has utterly failed to achieve its founders' goals: to halt aggression and assure world order." This is the conclusion that Mr. Gold, author of "Hatred's Kingdom" and Israeli Ambassador the UN from 1997 to 1999, reaches after examining the UN's record.
Mr. Gold's grand narrative of failure begins in the beginning and ends in the end. His indictment of the United Nations comes even before the Cold War supposedly paralyzed it (the initial tests, writes Mr. Gold, were the first Arab-Israeli War and the first war between India and Pakistan over Kashmir) and lasts until the UN's failure to deal with Saddam Hussein, terrorism and WMD. In between are failures to deal with aggression, either across states or within them.
What is refreshing is that Mr. Gold has refrained from simply barraging the UN with its failures. Rather, he has identified certain trends that explain why the UN fails either when expressing the collective will of its members or when acting with its own mind. For Mr. Gold, the primary failure of the UN is its lost moral clarity; the UN founding fathers set up a system where evil existed and ought to be resisted. From the beginning, however, this clarity subsided-there are no aggressors and victims for the UN, writes Mr. Gold, just "warring parties"; and there is no cause and effect, just a "cycles of violence." This happens to avoid compromising the UN's most cherished ideal: impartiality. Even if it means standing idle to aggression, standing by evil.
In extremis, this lost moral clarity leads to moral equivalence-refusing to acknowledge that some party to a war might be more at fault than others, refraining from condemning outright violence, and seeking nonsensical explanations to justify armed struggle and even terrorism. This is tied to the proliferation of UN states that do not share the Western respect for democracy and human rights. As long as the UN reflects the aggregate of so many dictatorships, it is inevitable that it will lack either the political will or the political clout to punish those states with deviant behavior; "ultimately," writes Mr. Gold, "the UN's biggest problem is that it no longer establishes any firm standards of behavior for UN member states." The result, to name the most extreme example, is countries like Libya and Sudan being on the Human Rights Commission.
If this is the failure of the UN as a collective body, then unaccountability is the failure of the UN as an organization. That Kofi Annan, head of UN's Department of Peacekeeping Operations during Rwanda and Srebrenica, was promoted to Secretary-General is only the most obvious evidence of an organization unwilling to punish its staff. This evidence, Mr. Gold continues, runs off to the accusations made against UN peacekeepers in Cambodia, East Timor, Mozambique, Bosnia, Ethiopia and Eritrea for their unethical and often egregious behavior, to say nothing of the oil-for-food program that the UN administered in Iraq. Mr. Gold's summation is reflected in Sweden's Per Ahlmark remark that the UN has become "an institution in which no shortcoming, it seems, goes unrewarded."
In all, Mr. Gold's unequivocal condemnation is a welcome break from the constant adulation and non-critical glorification that the UN receives in many countries across the world. At the same time, it not clear how and whether Mr. Gold's alternative, a community of democracies that is united by values and purpose, would operate. His coalition to fight terrorism, for example, would include Turkey, a notorious human rights abuser. And it is not clear for how long this democratic alliance would sustain converging views on who is the aggressor and who is the victim without resorting to the instinctive reaction of trying to mend fences rather than point fingers of blame. All the same, if there is a case to be made against the United Nations as it exists today, then that case is well contained in the "Tower of Babble."Tower of Babble: How the United Nations Has Fueled Global Chaos Overview

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Time Honored: A Global View of Architectural Conservation Review

Time Honored: A Global View of Architectural Conservation
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Time Honored: A Global View of Architectural Conservation ReviewIf, anywhere in the world, you are teaching a course on international heritage conservation, this book should be your core text. If you are a student in historic preservation and have an interest in international issues, buy this book. If you are a professional, a civil servant, an interested amateur, or an advocate for cultural heritage in your own country, but want to understand your efforts in an international context, this book should be your next read.
Probably no one in the world has been to as many sites of international cultural importance as has John Stubbs of the World Monuments Fund. The lessons, the principles, and the challenges of saving the worlds heritage are found in these pages.Time Honored: A Global View of Architectural Conservation Overview

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